The area was declared a state historic district in 1969 and added to the National Register two years later. In 1889 Pullman was annexed by the City of Chicago.ĭemolition was proposed in 1960 and spurred residents to action. Home upkeep and landscaping fell to individual owners. The neighborhood flourished - 12,000 people lived there in 1893 - until an 1898 court order resulting from a worker strike forced the Pullman Palace Car Co. Thirty thousand trees graced the village, which was served by private water and sanitary sewer systems. Several parks provided recreational opportunities.
The industrial complex, now a state historic site undergoing restoration, included an upscale hotel, market, shopping arcade, library, and other amenities. Contrasts of color and texture, as well as variations in ornamentation of facades, rooflines, chimneys, and finishing materials, were used to create architectural interest and reflect the owner's status.Ī train depot separated the residential and industrial districts. Brick was used extensively for houses, which reflected Queen Anne designs. A winding carriage path and circular flower beds softened the town's formal street grid. The town was designed to resemble a suburban park, a radical notion for a blue-collar development. He purchased 4,000 acres on the shore of Lake Calumet, 12 miles south of Chicago, and created an $8 million community with features - indoor plumbing, gas lighting, and cross ventilation - not commonly found in working-class neighborhoods. Owner of the luxury railroad passenger-car manufacturing company bearing his name, Pullman believed the built environment could contribute to a worker's productivity. The idea of a company town wasn't new 131 years ago, but George Pullman's execution of the concept was arguably the most successful. Visitors enjoy an annual house tour that highlights the neighborhood's suburban park design and Queen Anne style homes.
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